The only significant attempt to pass a law to aid refugees came in 1939, when Democratic Senator Robert Wagner of New York and Republican Congresswoman Edith Rogers of Massachusetts introduced legislation in both houses of Congress that would allow 20,000 German refugee children under the age of 14 into the country over two years outside of the immigration quotas. The legislation never made it out of committee for a vote. Why were Japanese Americans interned during World War II? To protect Soviet troops in France. Public opinion was more in line with Congress than Truman: an April 1948 poll showed that 53% of Americans disapproved of the plan to allow 200,000 displaced persons to enter, compared with 40% who approved. a.) The United States long reserved its most lucrative occupations for an elite class of white men. US consulates in Nazi-occupied territory shut down in July 1941. ffidavits, attesting to their identities and good conduct, from several responsible disinterested persons, in addition to financial affidavits. D. Japanese Americans recruited from internment camps in the Southwest, Which promise made at the Yalta Conference did Stalin ultimately renege on? Soviet mistrust of Western intentions. 182, 186) exempted noncitizen service members from naturalization requirements related to age, race, residence, any educational tests, fees . d.) U.S. code breakers had intercepted the Japanese plans. C. Many Americans favored a strong interventionist foreign policy regarding the situation in Europe and Asia. Which of the following is a reason that the United States initially stayed out of World War II? After World War II, the United States of America entered a period of material abundance, caused largely by increased production. C. to provide support to the Filipino rebels there who were putting up resistance to the Japanese American officials were concerned that unfriendly governments would use family members as hostages or bargaining chips to coerce immigrants to commit acts of sabotage or espionage. D) She is certain the Germans will lose the war. B) victory over the Axis Powers and the Soviet Union C. B. Interventionists finally agreed with the isolationist position. . Students review the documents and videos from previous lessons and consider what information supports, expands, or challenges their thinking about the essay. It allowed Germany to attack Poland with having to fight on two fronts. Visual evidence of the Holocaust, shown in popular magazines, newspapers and movie theater newsreels, did not change Americans minds towards immigration or refugees. Planning for the post-World War II world began before the United States even entered the conflict. A. a pact signed by Great Britain and the United States that endorsed certain principles for building a lasting peace and establishing free governments in the world What was the importance of the Lend-Lease Act? Congress finally passed a Displaced Persons Act only reluctantly, and without public hearings. C. B. a joint U.S.-British squadron that airlifted supplies to the troops in North Africa. The 1967 United Nations Refugee Protocol expanded the 1951 Refugee Convention, which had originally limited the definition of refugee to people who had been displaced in Europe prior to 1951. C) restricted the number of countries that accepted Jewish refugees. He said, in part: The course that Japan has followed for the past ten years in Asia has paralleled the course of Hitler and Mussolini in Europe and in Africa. D) all of the Allies suffered economically due to the war. "Although our wages were far lower, we earned more money than we ever had before in the workplace. b.) "President Roosevelt nationalized the shipping and shipbuilding industries." strategically bombing Germany's major industrial centers. The preamble mentions "the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind." D) the state sponsored attack on German Jews in 1938. "I thought the government should have adopted deficit spending during the war instead of focusing on keeping a balanced budget." In 1951, the United Nations adopted the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, which has been signed by 145 nations. . Other countries fared worse: Poland, with a prewar Jewish population of 3.5 million, had a quota of 6,524, and Romania, with a Jewish population of nearly a million, had a quota of 377. How did the Nazi regime differ most from the Japanese government in the 1930s? The origins of the policy may be traced back to the 1938 decision by the US to permit weapons sales to Great Britain and France on a "cash and carry" basis. B. separate A. to rescue U.S. prisoners of war who were being held captive there Although the war began with Nazi Germany's attack on Poland in September 1939, the United States did not enter the war until after the Japanese bombed the American fleet in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941. . a.) 3, Two days later, on December 11, 1941, Adolf Hitler declared war on the United States, and Benito Mussolini of Italy followed suit. Classroom Materials at the Library of Congress. "Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression. D. Interventionists thought aid would help end the Why was Roosevelt's "Quarantine" speech in 1937 widely criticized by Americans at the time? b.) By 1948, a new form of international tension had emerged--Cold War--between the United States and its allies and the Soviet Union and its allies. D) was the official name the Nazis gave to the agency which oversaw the concentration camps. While overall immigration into the United States did not increase, between 35,00040,000 DPs, most of whom were Jewish, entered the United States between December 22, 1945, and July 1, 1948, under provisions of the Truman Directive. Main telephone: 202.488.0400 The Senate did not believe the emergency warranted this dramatic step but was willing to significantly restrict the number of immigrants allowed to enter the United States. b.) The entry of the United States into World War II caused vast changes in virtually every aspect of American life. Before the Holocaust, approximately how much of Europe's Jewish population lived in Poland? The War Refugee Board National Expansion and Reform, 1815 - 1880, Great Depression and World War II, 1929-1945. "The government paid most of the costs for my company to convert to wartime production. D) The United States considered them enemy combatants. Based on this graph and your knowledge of history, the growth in U.S. employment was sparked by Which U.S. government agency was formed as a response to the news that the Soviet Union had detonated a nuclear device? It granted Germany a testing ground for new technology. "I was outraged when the government nationalized my business and forced us to produce war material." D. He thought that the United States would try to establish a permanent military presence in Western Europe. ", d.) Otherwise, the recordings are presented as they were originally recorded. B) the Axis expanded their control of territory in western Europe. By capturing nearby islands, the U.S. could install military bases to keep Japan in check. Negative C. C) victory over Germany and Japan Which policy best demonstrates appeasement during the 1930s? To convince islanders to support the United States against Japan It would allow the Allies to gain control of the precious oil fields in the Middle East. c.) On November 25, 1936, a month after Germany and Italy entered into a treaty of friendship, Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan signed the Anti . Lend-lease was the term popularly given to the US policy of extending material aid to the Allies before and after the United States entered World War II. After the United States entered World War II, immigrants from which of the following countries became eligible for U.S. citizenship? To seize islands vital to Japanese transportation and communication Choose which phrase was a factor in President Truman's decision to drop atomic bombs on Japan. A. more denouncement The State Department, therefore, became responsible for enforcing the quota law, and midnight races ended. To help your students analyze these primary sources, get a graphic organizer and guides. What did the dictators of totalitarian systems have in common? C) the Allies invaded Germany from Denmark and Sweden. The American Theater was a theater of operations during World War II including all continental American territory, and extending 200 miles (320 km) into the ocean.. Owing to North and South America's geographical separation from the central theaters of conflict (in Europe, the Mediterranean and Middle East, and the Pacific) the threat of an invasion of the continental U.S. or other areas in . We expect to eliminate the danger from Japan, but it would serve us ill if we accomplished that and found that the rest of the world was dominated by Hitler and Mussolini. D.Did not destroy all aircraft carriers/ did not declare war first. a.) The United States declares war against Japan. How did President Roosevelt lead the mobilization of the war effort? Choose the statement that describes a cause of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. citizens." Audie Murphy famously received the Congressional Medal of Honor for The Bataan Death March foreshadowed C. a pact signed by Great Britain and the United States agreeing to avoid entangling alliances with the Soviet Union designated certain areas as war zones. A. A. The result is a portrait of everyday life in America as the United States entered World War II. World War II was just six years long but surprisingly, it had two presidents ruling the United States during its course. B. A combination of presidential directives and congressional legislation aided other specific groups of refugees. What was the Double Victory? They were the largest population centers in Japan. The new Protocol expanded the responsibilities to all refugees from any part of the world and at any time, but still allowed nations to define for themselves how they would assess refugee status. He warned that there were "hard and bitter days ahead," but pledged that the United States and its allies would "have Ukraine's back" as the war . b.) C) mobilization brought economic benefits to the United States. Draw two lines under each verb. cooperating in trials to bring former Nazis to justice issued Executive Order 8802. In the end, the United States was forced into the war on December 7th, 1941 when Japan surprise attack the United States at Pearl Harbor. The principal belligerents were the Axis powersGermany, Italy, and Japanand the AlliesFrance, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and, to a lesser extent, China. limiting further U.S. casualties B. The Second World War began in 1939 and lasted through to 1945. drastically cut back its defense industries. the Central Intelligence Agency. It would be difficult to make them surrender. One important effect of the D-Day invasion was that On August 9, 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Prime Minister Winston Churchill first met aboard the cruiser USS Augusta. What was the Atlantic Charter? It created new quotas, which heavily favored England and northern Europe and set much lower quotas for immigrants from southern and eastern Europe, who had made up the majority of more recent immigration. C) The Nazis' anti-Semitic propaganda campaign was popular in America. C. stable government What were some similarities between racism in Nazi Germany and in the United States, 1920s-1940s? Place the events related to World War II in the correct sequence, following the signing of a mutual defense treaty by Japan and Germany. B. D. was assassinated by a group of his own generals. Without any significant factual evidence, the government perceived Japanese Americans as being a threat to national security. A. through the sale of government issued war bonds Diego Rivera. Fears of infiltration and espionage led to additional restrictions on visa applicants. The Nazi forces were able to buy time for more reinforcements to arrive. Find topics of interest and explore encyclopedia content related to those topics, Find articles, photos, maps, films, and more listed alphabetically, Recommended resources and topics if you have limited time to teach about the Holocaust, Explore the ID Cards to learn more about personal experiences during the Holocaust. A) The United States did not want to worsen diplomatic relations with the Nazis. C) They felt it would divert too many resources away from their military operations elsewhere. give each member state an equal say in world affairs. D. A) victory over fear and want, as described in the Four Freedoms speech They felt that Germany posed the greatest long-term threat to all parties involved. The image and reality of overall economic prosperity--and the upward mobility it provided for many white Americans--was not lost on those who had largely been excluded from the full meaning of the American Dream, both before and after the war. America Declares War on Germany. Circle each direct object. A) the Axis pushed back the Allied advance from the Soviet Union. In most cases, the recordings were digitized by Library of Congress staff directly from the discs on which they were originally recorded. Pete Seeger playing banjo, 1948. A. acknowledged A) the end of the Great Depression. A. c.) B. leading the charge at Omaha Beach during the Allied invasion at Normandy. Place the events that led up to U.S. involvement in World War II in the correct order, following Hitler's appointment as Chancellor of Germany. Which was effectively an economic declaration of war against Germany and the Axis Powers? C. D. It gave Germany a pledge of military support from the Soviet Union. 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